The highest-energetic neutrino that has ever been detected and provides the first proof that neutrinos so high are produced in the universe, announced that it has identified the Institute of Nuclear and Communist Physics (EKSF), by EKEFE. “Democritus”.

But what are neutrons, which are considered the most mysterious elementary particles?

The cosmic neutrin It is extremely high energy neutrinos from sources beyond our solar system, often from remote astrophysical events. These neutrons are a key element of the cosmic rays, which are high -energy particles that travel through space.

The neutrino detected on February 13, 2023 by the Arca of the Cubic Mile -Mile Needs Telescope (KM3N), has an estimated energy of approximately 220 PEV (= 220 × 1015EV), at a large depth of the Mediterranean. The energy of the 220 PEV is equivalent to the kinetic energy of a table tennis ball with a mass of 2.7 grams moving at a speed of 18 kilometers per hour (or 5 meters per second).

According to Physicsgg.me, neutrino is a subatomic particle that is very much like electron but has no electric load while its mass is very low, with the possibility of even zero. Neutrons are one of the most abundant particles in the universe. Because they have a very little interaction with matter, it is extremely difficult to detect. Nuclear forces see electrons and neutrons identical. Neither of them participates in strong nuclear interactions, but both in patients are involved in weak nuclear interactions. The particles generally show this property are called leptons.

In addition to the electron and its antibody, the positron, the charged particles include Mion (with mass 200 times larger than electron), Tau (with mass 3500 times more than electron) and their antibodies.

Both Mion and Ta, such as electron have corresponding neutrons that accompany them, and are called a neutrino and neutrino. The three types of neutrons differ from each other.

For example, when the Mionic Neutrins interact with a goal they will always produce Mines and never Ts or Electrons. In the interactions of particles, although electrons and electron neutrons can be created and destroyed, the sum of the number of electrons and neutrons of electrons is maintained. This has led us to divide the Thinos into three families, each including a charged refinement and its corresponding neutrino.

Neutrino is an unhindered and very light particle, whose existence was proposed by the Austrian natural Wolfgang Pauli, so that the principle of retention of momentum and energy in the radioactive electron emission from the individual core, the so -called B.

How are the neutrons caused?

The supermarked black holes in the center of the galaxies, the outpatient explosions, the gamma ray eruptions, and other violent flood events in the universe, act as cosmic accelerators, creating particulate flows called cosmic rays. Some cosmic rays may interact with matter or photons around the source to produce neutrons and other particles, while others escape the endless space. During the journey of the most energetic cosmic rays, some of them may interact with the photons of microwave cosmic background radiation, producing “cosmogenic” neutrinos with extremely high energy.

Special cosmic messengers

The neutrons belong to the most mysterious elementary particles. They have no electric charge, almost no mass and interact weakly with matter. Is Special cosmic messengerswhich bring us unique information about the mechanisms involved in the most energetic phenomena of the universe and allow us to explore the farthest points of the universe.

Although neutrons hold the second position of abundance of particles in the universe (after the photons), it is very difficult to detect because of their weak interaction with matter. That is why neutrinos detectors are huge in size. Like the KM3net neutrinum telescope – whose full construction is not completed – a huge construction at the seabed consisting of two detectors, Arca and Orca. In its final configuration, the KM3net detector will take a volume greater than one cubic kilometer. KM3net uses seawater as a means of interaction for neutrons. High -tech visual units detect Cherenkov radiation, a bluish glow produced when spreading them into the water of the hyper -descerative particles produced by neutrinum interactions.

The KM3Net/ARCA detector (Astroparticle Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) is dedicated mainly to the study of high energy neutrons and their sources in the universe. It is located at a depth of 3450 meters, about 80 kilometers from the coast of Portopalo di Capo Passero in Sicily. The 700 -meter -high detection units are anchored at the bottom of the sea and are about 100 meters apart. Each unit is equipped with 18 digital optical units that each contains 31 photopolis. In its final configuration, the Arca detectors will include 230 detection points. The data collected is transmitted through an underwater cable to the coastal station at Infn Laboratori Nazionali del Sud.

The KM3Net/Orca detector (Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss) will explore the fundamental properties of detected neutrons. It is located at a depth of 2450 meters, about 40 kilometers from the Toulon coast in France. It will include 115 detection units, each with a height of 200 m and a distance of 20 m. The data collected by the Orca detector is sent to the coastal station at La Seyne Sur Mer.

The dimensions of KM3net, which eventually includes a volume of about one cubic kilometer with a total of about 200,000 photopolics, along with its position in the Mediterranean abyss, shows the enormous efforts needed to promote neutrinos and particle physics.

The detection of neutrinos with 220 PEV energy was the result of a huge collective effort between many international groups the world).

The 220 PEV energy neutrino may come directly from a powerful secular accelerator. Alternatively, it could be the first detection of a cosmogenic neutrite. But based on this individual neutrino it is difficult to conclude for its origin. Future observations will focus on identifying more such events to create a complete picture. The continued expansion of the KM3net detector with additional detection units and the acquisition of additional data will improve its sensitivity and enhance its ability to detect cosmic sources of neutrinos.

What does neutrino detection with the greatest energy recorded

Detecting a high energy cosmic neutrino is an important achievement in astrophysics and particles. It means the detection of a neutrino that has extremely high energy, usually on the scale of some teeth electronic volts (TEV) or even higher. These neutrons are considered to come from extremely powerful and remote astrophysical sources, such as active galactic nuclei, supernova residues or rays-corpse bursts, where violent events produce very high energy particles.

Here are the reasons why detecting a high -energy cosmic neutrino is important:

  • 1. New information on the universe

High -energy cosmic neutrons provide valuable information on astrophysical phenomena that are not detectable with regular telescopes. Because neutrons interact very weakly with matter, they can travel long distances without being absorbed or scattered, transferring information from their source directly to Earth. This allows scientists to study phenomena in remote parts of the universe that are otherwise hidden from secular dust or magnetic fields.

  • 2. Understanding extreme astrophysical sources

These neutrons are considered to be produced by some of the most notable events in the universe. By detecting them, scientists can learn more about the conditions and environments of these sources. For example, a high -energy secular neutrino could come from an oversized black hole in the center of a remote galaxy or from the “impact waves” of a supernova burst.

  • 3. Examination of fundamental natural laws

Neutrins are elementary particles with very small mass and are very difficult to study because they interact weakly with other particles. Their detection opens the ability to find out more about the fundamental laws of physics. For example, understanding the behavior of neutrinos in extreme environments can provide knowledge of phenomena such as neutron oscillations (the way neutrins change types as they travel) or even for new laws of physics beyond the established model.

  • 4. Gap recognition in cosmic rays survey

High -energy cosmic neutrons are often associated with high energy cosmic rays. The cosmic rays are charged particles, and while their origin is studied with traditional telescopes, the charged particles can divergent from the magnetic fields, making it difficult to monitor them at their source. The neutrons, on the other hand, are neutral and travel in a straight line from their origin, providing clear “traces” for their source of origin.