The needs for basics minerals used in automotive is expected to increase rapidly in the coming years.

The development of battery technology in electric vehicles and the various forms of electrical energy storage that will be developed lead to a strong increase in demand for these minerals, while we should not forget the continuous development of networks and industrial equipment that need increased copper.

According to the International Energy Agency, the demand for cobalt and rare earths expected to increase by up to 60% by 2040.

Its demand lithium is expected to increase fivefold by 2040, while its corresponding demand graphite and his nickel is set to double over the same time period.

THE copperthe mineral with the largest established market and its demand is forecast to increase by 30% over the same period.

Copper and lithium shortage warnings

Meeting the growing demand for critical minerals, according to the International Energy Agency, requires significant investment, new mines and modern refineries.

Based on the project implementation schedule, total supplies of some key energy minerals are on track to meet projected demand.

Copper and lithium are notable exceptions, where expected mining supply falls short of forecast demand. In fact, they are expected to exist in 2035 deficits 30% for copper and 40% for lithium.

This deficit for him copper is particularly worrying because of reduction of ore gradesof rising costs of projects and her sharp slowdown in new resource discoveries.

For the lithiumwhile the market is poised to be adequately supplied, rapidly growing demand is projected to turn market balances into deficits by the 2030s.

Based on the timing of the projects, the geographic concentration of mining activities is expected to remain high for most minerals.

The supply of these minerals is expected to increase in the top three countries for copper, nickel and cobalt through 2035.

In 2035, the top three nickel producing countries are expected to supply 85% of the market from the 75% applicable in 2024.

Indonesia is expected to see significant supply growth in both the nickel and cobalt markets over the next decade.

However the share of lithium mined by the top three producers is expected to fall below 70% by 2035,.

THE graphite and the data of rare earths they will show little improvement as they are expected to appear new mining supplierssuch as Madagascar and Mozambique for graphite and Australia for rare earths.

Refinery concentration is increasing significantly for nickel due to a significant increase in supply in Indonesia. It should not be overlooked that China remains the dominant refining supplier for almost all minerals. In 2035, China is expected to supply more than 60% of refined lithium and cobalt and about 80% of graphite and rare earths used in batteries.