The more conservative fixed income investments, such as savings and CDB, began to attract the attention of investors since the middle of last year, when the BC (Central Bank) began the process of raising interest rates. With the new increase released this Wednesday (4), raising the Selic to 12.75% per year, they tend to gain even more attractiveness.
According to a survey carried out by Andrew Storfer, director of economics at Anefac (National Association of Finance Executives), with the new level of the basic interest rate, an investment of R$ 1,000 in the post-fixed public bond Treasury Selic would yield the investor an amount of approximately R$ 106.32, considering an interval of 12 months.
Savings, on the other hand, has the worst return among the options analyzed, even without having the income tax discount.
The amount considers an interest rate of 12.89% of the investment and already deducts the incidence of the IR (Income Tax) rate of 17.5% for investments redeemed within one year.
According to Anefac’s calculations, CDBs (Bank Deposit Certificates) of medium-sized banks represent the most advantageous option among the main alternatives, returning to the investor who invest R$ 1,000.00 within a year the amount of R$ 115, 71, deducting the IR at source. In this case, the interest considered is 14.03% per year. In the case of large banks, the amount received back after 12 months would be R$97.82, subject to interest of 11.86%.
“Obviously the smaller banks propose a higher rate of return, and, in this case, the investor must be careful to seek to be guaranteed by the FGC (Credit Guarantee Fund)”, says the director of the association.
The FGC offers coverage up to BRL 250,000 per CPF or CNPJ to ensure the investor’s application in case of any problems that financial institutions may face.
flashlight savings
Savings, on the other hand, continues with an unchanged yield of 6.17% per year, plus the TR (Referential Rate), even with the new increase in the Selic rate.
Savings remuneration is 0.5% per month whenever the Selic rate is above 8.5% per year. When the basic rate is up to 8.5%, the savings yield is equivalent to 70% of the Selic.
Anefac data show that, despite being the most popular investment in the country, savings offers the worst return among all the options analyzed, despite being exempt from income tax.
“The higher the Selic rate, the more distant savings income is from even compensating for inflation, the more it is compared with other fixed income investments that are also safe, such as Treasury Direct and LCAs and LCIs, which allow for a very bigger,” says Storfer.
Despite the picture, the most recent data from the BC show that about 164 million people had some amount deposited in savings at the end of 2019.
In any case, in March of this year, withdrawals in savings accounts exceeded deposits by R$ 15.4 billion, according to data from the monetary authority. It was the highest redemption volume for the month of March in the BC historical series, which began in January 1995, and the third consecutive month with negative funding in 2022.
With the withdrawal of funds in the month, the balance of savings (ie, the total volume invested) fell by R$10 billion, from R$1.016 trillion in February to R$1.006 trillion in March.
The flow of funds in savings began to accumulate significant withdrawals in 2021, when the purchasing power of Brazilians was once again haunted by double-digit inflation.
Inflation measured by the IPCA-15 (National Index of Consumer Prices Extended 15) accelerated to 1.73% in April this year, the highest variation for the month since 1995.
The examples pointed out by the Anefac study are illustrative. The interest and the consequent profitability may vary according to the fluctuation of the rates practiced by the market on a day-to-day basis.
The amount invested, the term of application, and the conditions offered by financial institutions to their customers can also affect the final return on the investment.
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