You already know that retinol and certain medications can make your skin more sensitive to the sun, so sunscreen and protection are essential. But you may not know that even common medications, such as birth control pills, aspirin, and blood pressure medications can cause cuticle your more “vulnerable” in the sun. The same applies to ingredients we use every day in our skin care, such as lactic acid and some essential oils. Before starting a new medicine or care product, ask your doctor if there is a risk of photosensitivity.

What is photosensitivity?

Photosensitivity basically means that your skin becomes more “reactive” to sunlight or ultraviolet (UV) radiation. When you have photosensitive skin, it’s much easier to develop redness, rashes, itchiness, and in the worst cases even blisters from the sun. And if you leave it unprotected for a long time, you increase the risk of hyperpigmentation, premature aging of the skin and, in more serious cases, skin cancer.

What types of photosensitivity are there?

There are two main types: phototoxic and photoallergic reactions. Phototoxic ones are more common and appear quickly, only in places exposed to the sun. Photoallergies are rarer, may appear with a delay, and also affect non-exposed areas.

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How does it affect sun exposure risk?

Photosensitivity makes your skin more prone to sunburn and hyperpigmentation. If exposed to the sun without protection, you may develop a severe burn-like rash with blisters and rashes. All of these accelerate aging and increase the risk of skin cancer.

Medications and skincare ingredients that may increase photosensitivity

Many medications and skin care products can intensify photosensitivity. Besides retinol, well-known examples are AHA acids (eg glycolic and lactic acid), and essential oils, such as lemon oil. Also, blood pressure medications, antibiotics, and even common pain relievers can increase your risk.

Foods that can cause photosensitivity

Even some fruits, herbs and vegetables, such as limes, carrots and figs, contain photosensitizing ingredients. If, for example, you squeeze a lime and go out in the sun without washing your hands, you can develop dermatitis, also known as “daisy burn”.

To protect your photosensitive skin, use sunscreen with SPF 50 or higher, especially during peak hours (10am – 4pm). Opt for clothes that cover as much skin as possible and hats if the days are sunny enough (it’s not winter yet). Avoid tanning beds, as they can also worsen photosensitivity.

Also, make sure you use moisturizing products that help maintain your skin’s natural barrier. Hydrated skin better maintains its protective barrier, which is important for protection against UV radiation. In addition, check your skin regularly for changes in spots and have an annual dermatological check-up.