The rosemary is an aromatic plant with a long history and diverse applications in cuisinethe medicine and her aromatherapy. Derived from Mediterraneanhas established itself as one of the most powerful and beneficial herbs, with properties that make it a valuable addition to any home. Today, probably for the first time in modern history, it was a “stone of scandal”, because in Thessaloniki a man was arrested for cutting a branchwhile he was in the courtyard of a public hospital.

Since ancient times, rosemary has held a special place among the peoples of the Mediterranean. The ancient Greeks and Romans considered it so sacred plant and they used it in religious ceremonies, but also as a means of enhancing memory and concentration.

Uses of Rosemary

Cuisine: Thanks to its strong aroma and characteristic taste, rosemary is a favorite ingredient in Mediterranean cuisine. It is used according to the preferences of each cook, without specific restrictions, either fresh or in dry form. It gives a unique aroma and taste to meats, fish, soups, vegetables and sauces. It is also used in various cocktails, mainly gin-based.

Medicine: In traditional medicine, it was used to improve digestion, relieve headaches, treat alopecia and boost memory. Modern scientific research confirms some of these properties, proving that rosemary has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. As an infusion for therapeutic use, one to two teaspoons of dry rosemary in a cup of boiling water (for 10–15 minutes) are suggested. It is best not to consume more than two cups a day.

Aromatherapy: Rosemary essential oil is widely used in aromatherapy as it helps reduce stress, improve concentration and stimulate blood circulation.

Although rosemary is generally considered safe, caution is advised in certain situations:

Some people may experience an allergic reaction. In case of irritation or respiratory discomfort, stop use immediately and consult a doctor.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid using large amounts, as the plant can cause uterine contractions.

Drug interactions: Rosemary may interact with certain medications, such as anticoagulants or high blood pressure medications. Before using it, it is recommended to consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Where do we plant rosemary and where does it grow best?

Whether in your garden or on the balcony, sunshine and as dry conditions as possible are important. If it is planted in shady places, its growth is limited and its flowering is noticeably reduced. It is a plant resistant to cold and low temperatures and is found naturally even at altitudes of 600 meters. It adapts to various types of soil, even poor and dry, however it grows ideally in light soils with good drainage and a neutral pH. It has limited water and fertilizer needs. In the first year after transplanting, small and frequent waterings are required so that it takes root well. Then, thanks to its extensive root system, one watering per week is sufficient, even in the summer months.
Regarding fertilization, the addition of a small amount of complete organic fertilizer in early spring is sufficient to enhance the germination and flowering of the plant. Rosemary is pruned in late winter or early fall, once it has finished flowering. Light pruning is recommended every year, removing dry or weak shoots and limiting its growth or shaping the pruning shears to give it the desired shape. Every three to four years, a severe renewal pruning is recommended, cutting the shoots low, at a height of 10–15 cm from the ground, in order to renew the woody tissues of the plant.

What diseases and insects affect rosemary?

In conditions of excessive humidity and insufficient ventilation, rosemary can be affected by fungal diseases that affect the roots and foliage. For preventive protection, we can spray with an ecological solution of sulfur or with a homemade solution of baking soda (1 teaspoon of soda, 2 spoons of olive oil in 2 liters of water).
To deal with insects such as mealybugs, mealybugs and the rosemary beetle (Chrysolina americana), spray with a solution of green soap (20 g of grated soap and 5 ml of alcohol in 1 liter of water). Alternatively, we can use natural pyrethrin, available in agricultural stores.

Rosemary is propagated by cuttings, seeds or offshoots. In the spring, we cut top shoots about 10 cm long and remove the base leaves. We place them in a substrate of manure, soil and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1, in a shady and moist environment. After 3–4 months, the cuttings will have developed roots and can be permanently transplanted into a pot or garden.