Pavlopetri is a small island opposite Elafonissos, in Laconia. Between the islet and the land lies an ancient city, sunk a few meters below the surface, with an age of about 5 thousand years and unique in its kind: Despite the fact of natural destruction by water over the centuries, the layout of the city is as it was thousands of years ago, with roads, buildings and a cemetery.

The ancient state was discovered in 1967 by Nicholas Flemming and mapped in 1968 by a team from the University of Cambridge.

Today, UNESCO recognizes Pavlopetri as the oldest underwater city in the world.

Initially, it was estimated that the city was built around 1600-1100 BC. but later investigations revealed through the finds that the city was inhabited before the 2800p.H., at the beginning of the Bronze Age.

Excavations and mapping of the area have revealed at least 15 buildings at a depth of 3 to 4 meters on an area of ​​9 hectares.

It is probable that the city sank in 1000 BC while other scientists argue that Pavlopetri was submerged in 375 AD. from the 8 Richter earthquake that also destroyed Gythio

Research has proven that the city was the center of a thriving textile industry. Also, many large jars from Crete were found in the area, which shows that the city was also a large commercial port.