Tax breaks for clean energy, rules on pollution, America’s participation in the Paris climate agreement – all these policies and more could reach a dead end after the election of Donald Trump.

The president-elect’s return to the White House in January could erase many US efforts to combat climate change, with the incoming administration set to boost fossil fuel production, roll back rules aimed at curbing pollution , scrap support for renewable energy and withdraw from helping international climate negotiations.

“In the first 100 days, we have a chance to roll back the regulations that force businesses to be able to fightLee Zeldin, the former New York congressman who led the Environmental Protection Agency under Trump, said during an interview with Fox News.

Trump’s deregulation push is aimed at boosting economic growth, though it comes as climate scientists say the United States and other nations must cut fossil fuel burning to prevent dangerous levels of warming.

Here are some of the biggest changes Trump and his allies are expected to make:

  • Withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement

Trump plans to announce that the United States will again withdraw from the landmark 2015 deal aimed at limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels. The withdrawal will not take effect until a year after Trump has notified the international community, according to UN rules. When Trump pulled out of the deal during his first term, no other nation followed. This time, however, Argentina’s president, Javier Millay, is weighing whether to withdraw his country.

  • Opening more areas to oil and gas drilling

To fulfill his campaign promise to “mine, baby, mine,” Trump is expected to open up more land for oil and gas extraction. The Interior Department oversees hundreds of millions of acres of federally owned land and water, including vast oil-rich areas in the Gulf of Mexico and the West. Trump’s pick to lead the department, North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum (R), told donors that Trump would stop President Joe Biden’s “assault” on fossil fuels. Environmentalists are particularly concerned about the nearly pristine Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska, which Republicans opened up to energy companies during Trump’s first term. In 2017, Trump signed a tax bill mandating at least two lease sales on the Coastal Plain Reserve acreage. 1.6 million acres by the end of 2024, but the Biden administration has limited development there so far.

  • Weakening power plant rules

Trump has said he plans to roll back ambitious rules that limit power plant emissions which were designed to combat global warming and enhance public health. The rules place strict requirements on gas and coal plants, forcing them to burn much cleaner, just as a historic surge in energy demand is driving utility plans for dozens of new fossil-burning plants. The EPA estimates that the greenhouse gas standards will prevent up to 1,200 premature deaths870 hospital visits and 1,900 cases of asthma in 2035. The rules would also reduce carbon emissions by 2047 by 1.38 billion tons—equivalent to the annual emissions of 328 million gallons of gasoline. Trump promised to eliminate the rules during his campaign in August, accusing the Biden administration of a “regulatory jihad to close power plants.”

  • Abolition of the methane tax

Methane, one of the biggest drivers of climate changeis often released into the atmosphere during oil and natural gas production. The Biden administration’s new rules put limits on such pollution in an effort to pressure fossil fuel companies to curb these leaks. Some major oil companies, which see methane reductions as a way to reduce their own emissions, have adopted this approach. But industry trade groups and conservative lawmakers are calling for a weakening of the federal mandates, including a fee that would be imposed on companies that do not comply with the new methane limits. Trump repeatedly promised oil executives during the campaign that he would advance their agenda, and his lawmakers are likely to make that shift a priority.

  • Repeal clean energy subsidies

The Inflation Reduction Act that Biden signed two years ago authorized tens of billions in subsidies to accelerate the energy transition. They range from tax credits to consumers buying electric vehicles, heat pumps and rooftop solar systems to major oil companies seeking government support for producing green hydrogen or capturing and storing carbon emissions from fuel production. Trump attacked such spending on the campaign trail, pledging to “revoke all unappropriated funds” under the law. The president-elect, however, would likely need Congress to rescind the incentives, and that could prove to be a big cost increase because the spending flows heavily to red states, many of which use it to attract clean generation. technology.

  • Shrinkage of national monuments

One of the biggest environmental fights of Trump’s first term centered on Utah. In 2017, Trump reduced the size of Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante national monuments by more than 1 million acres, prompting protests from conservation groups and Native Americans, only for Biden to restore the protections in his first year in office . Now Trump could tighten the boundaries on much of the rugged sandstone region, potentially opening the way for mining and recreational vehicle use.

  • End of the LNG pause

The new administration is expected to immediately end Biden’s “pause” on approving new facilities that export liquefied natural gas, or LNG. The Energy Department, which Chris Wright will lead if confirmed by the Senate, is poised to issue licenses for billions of dollars worth of LNG export terminals along the Gulf Coast and elsewhere. These projects could create planet-warming emissions for decades to come, while cementing the United States’ role as the world’s largest LNG exporter.

  • Scrap Biden’s environmental justice initiative

Trump is expected to roll back initiatives that his allies see as an “awakening” across the federal government, especially those that prioritize diversity, equity and inclusion. This includes Biden’s Justice40 initiative, which seeks to direct at least 40 percent of the benefits of federal climate investments to disadvantaged communities disproportionately exposed to pollution.

  • Limiting protection for endangered plants and animals

The incoming administration is expected to roll back Biden-era rules protecting the more than 1,000 rare plants and animals protected under the Endangered Species Act, including one that bars officials from taking economic considerations into account when making those decisions. Trump’s Republican allies in Congress are also expected to try to remove protections for specific animals, including the lesser prairie chicken and the northern long-eared bat, at the request of the oil and logging industries, respectively.

  • Repeal rules on disclosure of climate data by companies

The fossil fuel industry and GOP lawmakers have been fighting new rules requiring companies to disclose their climate impacts and liabilities since the Securities and Exchange Commission approved them in March. The rules aim to force companies to calculate the financial risk they pose to investors due to their emissions and susceptibility to overheating. Regulators have argued that the requirements are aimed at protecting investors, rather than pushing companies in a more climate-friendly direction. The SEC has put the rules on hold as legal challenges wind their way through the courts, and the CEO of one of the main litigants, Liberty Energy, is Trump’s pick for energy secretary. The new administration is widely expected to abandon the rules.

  • Lifting restrictions on car emissions

Trump has been clear that he plans to lift federal rules that require automakers to shift production lines to electric vehicles and other low-emissions technologies. As he did during his first term, Trump is expected to target aggressive fuel efficiency standards that push the industry in that direction.

His administration also will likely take aim at a special waiver granted to California to enforce fuel efficiency standards tougher than the federal government’s. As one of the nation’s largest markets for cars and trucks, California’s rules drive production planning at major auto companies. The state’s rules have also been adopted by a dozen other states, giving them significant influence over the auto market. The expected changes put car manufacturers in a difficult position. While they are disappointed by lackluster sales of zero-emission models in the near future, most have already designed their production lines around existing federal and California rules.

  • Pause in the federal clean energy market

During his first year in office, Biden signed an executive order aimed at buying his way to a cooler planet, ordering the federal government to become carbon neutral by 2050. Much of that work would have done by spending billions to equip federal buildings with solar energy panels and buy electric vehicles. With so much purchasing power, the Biden administration hoped the move would have the side benefit of increasing demand for green technologies. But now, Trump can rescind that order and stop that clean energy purchase.