At the UN, Bolsonaro repeats false information about corruption and femicides

President and candidate for re-election Jair Bolsonaro (PL) gave the opening speech of the 77th UN General Assembly this Tuesday (20) in New York. He arrived in the United States on Monday night (19), after attending the funeral of Queen Elizabeth II in London, UK.

the magnifying glass checked the main statements of the president. The press office has been communicated and, if it responds after the publication of this text, the checks will be updated.

FALSE

The Bolsonaro government is the target of several corruption allegations. This year, for example, it came to light that two evangelical pastors controlled the agenda and the release of funds from the MEC during Milton Ribeiro’s administration. Reports showed that the two asked for bribes for municipalities to have access to funds from the portfolio. The former minister was even arrested because of this case. One of the pastors visited the Palácio do Planalto on at least 35 occasions — and the president decreed secrecy on these visits.

Last year, the former director of the Department of Logistics at the Ministry of Health Roberto Ferreira Dias was accused of asking for a bribe to authorize the purchase of vaccines by the government. According to the complaint, published by the Sheet in June 2021, Dias would have conditioned the purchase of immunizations from AstraZeneca to the illicit receipt of US$ 1 per dose.

Former Environment Minister Ricardo Salles is under investigation for facilitating illegal timber sales. Former Minister of Tourism Marcelo Álvaro Antônio was denounced in October 2019 by the PSL’s orange candidacies scheme, the previous year.

There is also the so-called “secret budget” – parliamentary amendments whose destination is not publicly disclosed, which reached R$16.5 billion in 2022 alone. overpriced robotics in schools in Alagoas and Pernambuco and fraud in the SUS.

FALSE

During the Bolsonaro government, there was a 9.1% increase in cases of femicide in Brazil. Data from the Brazilian Public Security Yearbook show that, in 2018, the last year of the Michel Temer administration (MDB), there were 1,229 records of this crime in the country. In 2021, the last year with numbers available for consultation, it rose to 1,341.

In 2020, there were 1,354 cases and, in 2019, 1,328. All indicators for this type of crime in the Bolsonaro government are higher than the total recorded at the end of Temer’s administration.

EXAGGERATED

The Bolsonaro government sanctioned 40 laws specifically aimed at women, not 70. None of the bills (PLs) sanctioned were the initiative of the Presidency.

In July, the Chamber’s Women’s Secretariat released a list of 72 laws created in the current administration that supposedly aimed at protecting women. However, 26 of them had no relationship with women. Another 6 were partially or totally vetoed by the president – ​​this is the case of the text on the distribution of tampons to students and low-income people, with a veto overturned by Congress.

Bolsonaro had already made the same statement, classified as exaggerated by Lupa, on two occasions: August 28 and September 1.

EXAGGERATED

Although 82.1% of the Amazon is covered by native vegetation, according to the most recent data from MapBiomas, this does not mean that all of this area is, in fact, “pristine”. According to the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) system, which shows the accumulated deforested area in the biome, it is not possible to distinguish degraded areas —even if there are standing trees— from those that are still preserved.

An area is considered degraded when it undergoes some natural or human action that alters it and limits its ability to recover – such as fires. These spaces are not always mapped by the systems that monitor deforestation. In 2020, a group of researchers warned, in an article in the scientific journal Science, that the degraded or “impoverished” area in the Amazon region was already greater than the deforested or “disappeared” area — therefore, more than 18%.

In August, the Deforestation Alert System (SAD) of the Instituto do Homem e do Meio Ambiente da Amazônia (Imazon) showed that the area degraded in the biome by the extraction of wood and fires reached 976 square kilometers, an increase of 5,322% in compared to August 2021, when 18 square kilometers were recorded.

In addition, deforestation itself, that is, the felling of trees, has increased in the last three consecutive years, according to Inpe’s Prodes system. In 2021, it reached 13,038 square kilometers, the highest rate since 2006. Between 1985 and 2020, the Brazilian Amazon lost 45.2 million hectares of native vegetation, equivalent to 11.6% of its original cover.

REAL

According to the Venezuelan Migration Report of the Civil House, which counted immigration from January 2017 to July 2022, the date of the last update, the total number of Venezuelans entering the country corresponds to 763,074. There were 397,087 departures from the country, which makes the balance equal to 365,987.

According to data from Operação Acolhida, created in 2018 with the purpose of receiving Venezuelan refugees and migrants, 82,822 beneficiaries were welcomed by the process of internalization of the program from the beginning of the task force (April 2018) to August 2022, last update on the official site.

EXAGGERATED

According to the Venezuelan Migration Report of the Casa Civil, from January to July 2022 (last month recorded), 87,836 Venezuelan migrants arrived in the country, representing 414 people per day.

TRUE BUT

According to data from the consortium of press vehicles, 86.6% of the Brazilian population received the first dose of the vaccine and 79.4% had the complete vaccination cycle — without considering booster doses. The data are from this Monday (19). However, vaccination in Brazil started at a slow pace, while, at the same time, the number of cases and deaths from the disease reached its peak in early 2021.

Vaccination in the country started on January 17, 2021 —40 days after the first person in the world, except test volunteers, received the immunizer in the United Kingdom, on December 8, 2020. Before Brazil, at least 47 countries immunization had already started.

The first vaccine against Sars-CoV-2 in the country was Coronavac, developed by the Butantan Institute, in São Paulo, in partnership with the Chinese pharmaceutical company Sinovac. The formula was criticized by Bolsonaro on at least ten occasions before it began to be applied to the Brazilian population. On October 21, 2020, for example, the president stated that the federal government would not buy doses of Coronavac and that the Brazilian people would not be “anybody’s guinea pig”. He also called Coronavac “João Doria’s Chinese vaccine”.

The campaign in Brazil still started at a slow pace. As of April 18, 2021, only 4.5% of the population had already received the second dose. In May of that year, the pace dropped even further. In July 2021, six months after the start of the campaign, only 13% of the population had a complete vaccination against the disease – at that time, 525,000 people had died from the coronavirus.

REAL

Data from the Transparency Portal show that, in 2020, the federal government paid Emergency Aid to 68.2 million people. Spending on the benefit that year totaled R$ 293.3 billion. In 2021, however, the number of people who received such aid dropped by 46.6% to a total of 36.4 million. The amount paid also decreased: R$ 53.3 billion.

REAL

Renewable energy sources represent 83% of installed capacity, according to data from the 2022 National Energy Balance, prepared by the Ministry of Mines and Energy. In this category, renewable energy is arranged with hydropower (60.2% of the total), wind (11.4%), solar (2.6%) and biomass (8.8%). Non-renewables add up to 16%, and nuclear corresponds to 1%.

Regarding the effective supply of electricity in Brazil, the balance points out that 78.1% comes from renewable sources, resulting from the sum of hydropower (56.8%), biomass (8.2%), wind (10.6% ) and solar (2.5%). In non-renewables, coal and derivatives correspond to 3.9%; natural gas, at 12.8%; petroleum derivatives, 3%; and nuclear, 2.2%. In the area of ​​analysis, the study states that electricity generation from non-renewable sources represented 22.6% of the total.

REAL

By 2021, Petrobras had recovered more than BRL 6.17 billion in agreements and betrayals. The funds were returned to the company, which is considered a victim in the crimes investigated by Operation Lava Jato.

On December 28, when Petrobras released its balance sheet for the year, the dollar was quoted at R$5.64 ―so, the amount of R$6.17 billion represented US$1.09 billion at the time. Considering the dollar exchange rate on September 19, 2022 (R$ 5.23), the total would be equivalent to US$ 1.17 billion.

REAL

Brazil received the fourth largest volume of foreign investment in the first quarter of 2022 (January to March), comparing data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) released in July this year and a report published by the Central Bank (BC) in September. .

In the first three months of the year, Brazil attracted US$ 27.88 billion in foreign investment. As a result, it was behind China (US$ 101.91 billion), the United States (US$ 66.91 billion) and Australia (US$ 59.31 billion), whose results are included in the OECD survey. Data compiled here.

Brazil delayed the release of the series of indicators this year. That is why the information was not included in the document published by the OECD on July 18, 2022. Last year, Brazil also ranked fourth.