The number of children which sought treatment at hospital emergency departments on USA for heat-related illnesses increased 170% from 2012 to 2023, according to research at two major US pediatric hospitals, presented during the American Academy of Pediatrics’ national conference in Orlando, Florida.

The researchers analyzed 542 cases and found this large increase, from 4.3 cases per 10,000 total emergency department admissions in 2012 to 11.6 cases per 10,000. Of all heat-related incidents, 77% had heat-specific diagnoses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke, but did not require hospital admission (96%). 24% had a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis, a muscle tissue damage often caused by heat stress or prolonged exercise, of which 63% required hospitalisation.

Most of the children who came to the hospitals were younger, more likely to be Hispanic, use government insurance and live in areas with lower Child Opportunity Index scores.

“As extreme summer temperatures become more common due to climate change, we are seeing an increase in heat-related illnesses, particularly in vulnerable groups such as children,” says lead researcher Dr Taylor Merritt.