“Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with the development of this condition, which is characterized by structural and functional changes in the myocardium,” says Ms. Evdokia Petropoulos Cardiologist, Doctor of the University of Athens, Director of the 1st Cardiology Clinic Metropolitan General and continues with the causes, symptoms and ways to diagnose and prevent the disease:

Causes and Mechanisms

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with several mechanisms:

1. Hyperglycemia: The continuous high concentration of glucose in the blood causes damage to the vessels and tissues, including the cardiovascular system.
2. Metabolic Disorders: Changes in lipid and protein metabolism, as well as disturbances in energy production in myocardial cells, contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy.
3. Inflammation: The chronic inflammatory state often seen in diabetics can lead to cardiomyocyte damage.
4. Increased Insulin Levels: Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia can adversely affect heart muscle function.

Events and Symptoms

Diabetic cardiomyopathy can be asymptomatic in the early stages, but as it progresses, it can cause:

• Shortness of breath, especially when exercising or lying down
• Fatigue and weakness
• Swelling in the lower extremities
• Tachycardia or arrhythmias
• Chest pain or discomfort

Diagnosis

Diagnosing diabetic cardiomyopathy involves a series of tests, including:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Echocardiogram to assess cardiac function
• CT scan or MRI of the heart to detect structural abnormalities.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy focuses on proper diabetes management. Some measures include:

• Regulating blood glucose levels through diet, exercise and medication
• Control blood pressure and cholesterol levels
• Stop smoking and avoid alcohol
• Regular monitoring of cardiovascular health

“Treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy may include the use of drugs, such as ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, which help improve heart function.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a serious condition that requires attention and early intervention. Good diabetes management and regular monitoring of cardiovascular health can help prevent and reduce the complications associated with this disease. Awareness and education of patients is crucial for good management of the condition and prevention of the development of serious complications”, emphasizes the expert.

The role of education and awareness

Patient education about the nature and significance of diabetic cardiomyopathy is fundamental. Patients should be informed of:

• Signs and Symptoms. Knowing the early symptoms can lead to early diagnosis and intervention.
• Diet. Adopting a healthy diet that limits sugar, saturated fat and salt can help improve cardiovascular health.
• Exercise. Regular physical activity is essential for strengthening cardiovascular function and weight management.
• Pharmaceutical Education. Understanding the importance of taking medications as directed by your doctor can improve treatment outcomes.

Collaboration with healthcare professionals, such as endocrinologists, cardiologists and nutritionists, is vital to the holistic approach to managing diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Regular doctor visits and tests can help monitor cardiovascular health and detect any complications early.

In conclusion

“Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a significant challenge for patients with diabetes, but with proper information, prevention and early intervention, it is possible to improve quality of life and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It is important to stay informed and seek the support of healthcare professionals to ensure that diabetes and its complications are managed effectively,” concludes Ms. Petropoulos.