August and September offered abundant signs of acceleration of the transition moment in the global geopolitical chess, with the abandonment of the unipolar scenario for the design of a new multipolarity.
Narendra Modi, on the date of celebration of India’s independence, decanted the project of taking his country to the condition of “developed” in 25 years and, on Friday (30), Vladimir Putin delivered one of his most nationalist speeches when criticizing the “dictatorship of western elites”.
The October calendar points to yet another promising moment in diatribes to the US and allies. Nationalism is expected to be one of the ingredients of the Communist Party of China congress, starting on the 16th to announce Xi Jinping’s third term, extending his reign, which began in 2012, until 2027.
Two weeks ago, Xi, Modi and Putin met in the Uzbek city of Samarkand, under the motto of a meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization – a group designed mainly to link policies in strategic Central Asia. There were convergences and disagreements among the leaders, but the global attention paid to the event opened up, once again, the displacement of political, economic and military power responsible for a redesign of the 21st century.
At the end of the Cold War, with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the global scenario said goodbye to the bipolarity played out for decades by the US and the Soviet Union to, at meteoric speed, plunge into the unipolar reality. Washington, then, without the shadow emanating from Moscow, began to exercise unprecedented power, supported by the weight of its dynamic economy and its military machine.
They passed by the White House, in the times of the “pax americana”, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. The first surfed a period of impressive economic growth and the successor faced the biggest terrorist attack in history, on September 11, 2001, and launched military actions in countries like Afghanistan and Iraq.
While the US commanded the unipolar scenario, without seeing rivals capable of questioning its prevalence, the phenomenon of so-called emerging countries was gaining strength, with the market economy infiltrating previously interdicted places, such as communist China or socialist India.
In 2008 and 2009, the international financial crisis, with its epicenters in the US and European countries, punished central figures in the unipolar world. Then came the final moments of the undisputed hegemony of Washington and its historic allies.
With reforms and trade openings, emerging economies, led by China and India, gained strength. In 2010, China’s GDP reached the status of the second largest on the planet. In 2012, the Xi Jinping era began in Beijing, with one of its tasks being to jeopardize American hegemony.
In 2014, Narendra Modi became India’s prime minister, leading the economic take-off begun more than two decades earlier and based on the introduction of liberalizing reforms and a strategic alliance with the US. The new government added nationalism as a factor to guide strategies.
The multipolar world, therefore, began to gain clearer contours, with the rise of Beijing and New Delhi as important decision-making centers. And Moscow, lulled by the strengthening of allies, gained more confidence to implement challenges to the US.
The turmoil in the global scenario is largely due to the rearrangement of forces in the transition from US unipolarity to multipolarity carved out after the appearance of new powers. In this scenario, diplomacy must, more than ever, prevail in the clashes between countries studded with nuclear warheads.
With a wealth of experience honed over 4+ years in journalism, I bring a seasoned voice to the world of news. Currently, I work as a freelance writer and editor, always seeking new opportunities to tell compelling stories in the field of world news.
