7% of the country’s population faced last year (2023 income) moderate or severe food deficiency, while only 1.6% of severe deficiency (based on the global standard food deficiency – FIES), according to ELSTAT’s research on food adequacy:

– A household is considered to have moderate or severe food deficiency When at least one household member stated that during the previous 12 months before the investigation was forced it was forced to skip a meal; ate less as much as he thought he was in need, left without food, hungry but not ate; spent a whole day without food due to lack of money or other resources.

– a household is considered to have severe food deficiency When at least one member said that during the previous 12 months before the investigation, he spent a whole day without food due to lack of money or other resources.

The corresponding percentages for moderate or severe deficiency ranged from 6% to 8% between 2019 and 2023 (with 6.5% in 2023), while for severe deficiency the period 2019-2023 showed an average of 1.5%, except in 2020 and 2023, when they were 1.6% and 1.4%, respectively.